Geology, Geomorphology and Pedology of Bahrain.

Included during this comprehensive volume on the surface materials of Bahrain square measure discussions and maps on the earth science, structure, sedimentology, stratigraphy, tectonic sinking, dolomitization, quaternary earth science history, lithology, weathering effects, watercourse geophysics, aeolian geophysics, relict mantles, coastal plains, offshore islands, water, pedology, and man’s impact on the atmosphere. This report has established the primary stratigraphic sequence, known major north-east to south-west oriented  synclines, recognized a serious unconformity between the Miocene and therefore the Eocene epoch, and obtained atom proof indicating that dolomitization and de-dolomitization occurred during a fresh atmosphere. [1]

Historical development of key concepts in pedology

As a subdiscipline of soil science, pedology consists of associate degree accepted body of laws and theories that cowl a spread of connected ideas and ideas. we’ve got copied the history of those ideas as they pertain to the definition of the soil; soil horizons, profiles, and pedons; soil-forming factors; pedogenic processes; soil classification; soil geographics and mapping, and soil–landscape relationships. The bestowed ideas have verified to be helpful in our careers and are offered here to come up with discussion within the pedology community. attributable to house limitations, we’ve got not tried to critique these ideas. [2]

Hydropedology: Synergistic integration of pedology and hydrology

This paper presents a vision that advocates hydropedology as associate degree advantageous integration of pedology and geophysical science for learning the intimate relationships between soil, landscape, and geophysical science. Landscape water flux is recommended as a unifying precept for hydropedology, through that pedologic and hydrologic experience will be higher integrated. Landscape water flux here encompasses the supply, storage, flux, pathway, duration, handiness, and spatiotemporal distribution of water within the root and deep vadose zones at intervals the landscape. once illustrating multiple data gaps that may be self-addressed by the synergistic integration of pedology and geophysical science, we propose 5 scientific hypotheses that are essential to advancing hydropedology and enhancing the prediction of landscape water flux. [3]

Pedology (Soil Science) at the British Association

THE assignment of pedology (or soil science because it continues to be, sadly, termed) to Section M (Agriculture) of country Association is that the natural outcome of its historical development from a branch of agricultural chemistry. however though, in its applied facet, it’s the nighest and most important connexion with agriculture, it’s to be feared that it’s not entirely reception within the agricultural section. Indeed, if the geologists might be persuaded to adopt it, pedology would possibly a lot of suitably notice a zero in Section C. it’s most likely the exception instead of the rule for papers or discussions to be attention-grabbing, or maybe intelligible, to any or all attending members, even within the senior sections of country Association. [4]

Hydrostructural Pedology, New Scientific Discipline Allowing for Physical Modelling of ‘Green Water’ Dynamics in the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere System

Using a new paradigm of soil characterization and modeling in agro environmental sciences, named hydrostructural pedology, we have a tendency to were able to show that the “green water” thought of agronomists corresponds precisely to the pedostructural water concept that was physically outlined during this paradigm. The water within the pedostructure of soils consists of 2 styles of water, named small and macro, nested one within the different. they’re differentiated by their chemical potential associated with their position within the pedostructure: within primary aggregates or outside of them in the interpedal house. A basic physics of the pedostructural water may be developed at intervals this new paradigm. [5]

Reference

[1] Doornkamp, J.C., Brunsden, D. and Jones, D.K., 1980. Geology, Geomorphology and Pedology of Bahrain. University of East Anglia, Geo Abstracts Ltd.. (Web Link)

[2] Bockheim, J.G., Gennadiyev, A.N., Hammer, R.D. and Tandarich, J.P., 2005. Historical development of key concepts in pedology. Geoderma, 124(1-2), (Web Link)

[3] Lin, H., Bouma, J., Pachepsky, Y., Western, A., Thompson, J., Van Genuchten, R., Vogel, H.J. and Lilly, A., 2006. Hydropedology: Synergistic integration of pedology and hydrology. Water Resources Research, 42(5). (Web Link)

[4] Pedology (Soil Science) at the British Association
G. W. R.
Nature volume 138, (Web Link)

[5] Braudeau, E., Boukcim, H., Assi, A. T. and Mohtar, R. H. (2018) “Hydrostructural Pedology, New Scientific Discipline Allowing for Physical Modelling of ‘Green Water’ Dynamics in the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere System”, Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International, 15(3), (Web Link)