Hepatitis B Virus Infection

The viral hepatitis virus (HBV), discovered in 1966, infects quite 350 million individuals worldwide.1 hepatitis B|viral hepatitis} may be a leading reason for chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatoma, accounting for one million deaths annually. information of the intricacies of infection and of the biological science of this fascinating virus has crystal rectifier to the winning development of a immunizing agent and to treatment typically capable of eradicating chronic infection. This review addresses several aspects of HBV infection, as well as the role of the system in determinant the result of clinical infection, recent developments in molecular studies of the virus. [1]

Hepatitis B Virus Immunopathogenesis

Approximately five-hitter of the globe population is infected by the viral hepatitis virus (HBV) that causes a necroinflammatory disease of variable length and severity. inveterately infected patients with active disease carry a high risk of developing cirrhosis of the liver and carcinoma. The immunologic response to HBV-encoded antigens is accountable each for microorganism clearance and for malady pathological process throughout this infection. whereas the body substance protein response to microorganism envelope antigens contributes to the clearance of current virus particles, the cellular immunologic response to the envelope, nucleocapsid, and enzyme antigens eliminates infected cells. the category I- and sophistication II-restricted lymph cell responses to the virus square measure vigorous, polyclonal, and multispecific in acutely infected patients WHO with success clear the virus, and also the responses square measure comparatively weak and additional narrowly centered in inveterately infected patients WHO don’t. [2]

Hepatitis B virus infection

Since the introduction of the serum hepatitis immunogen and different preventive measures, the worldwide prevalence of serum hepatitis infection has fallen. However, chronic infection remains a difficult international unhealthiness, with quite 350 million individuals inveterately infected and in danger of internal organ decompensation, cirrhosis, and carcinoma. associate improved understanding of serum hepatitis medical specialty, immunology, and also the natural course of chronic infection, has known serum hepatitis virus replication because the key driver of immune-mediated liver injury and unwellness progression. [3]

Therapeutic strategies for hepatitis B virus infection: towards a cure

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may be a common explanation for disease globally, with a disproportionately high burden in South-East Asia. Vaccines and glycoside or ester medication ar on the market and scale back each new infection rates and also the development of disease in HBV-positive persons World Health Organization adhere to semipermanent restrictive treatment. though there’s still considerable  price in optimizing access to virus-suppressing regimens, the scientific and medical communities have kicked off a conjunctive journey to spot new antiviral medication and immune interventions aimed toward natural process infection. [4]

Hepatitis B Virus Serological Markers in a Rural Community in Southeastern Nigeria

Aim: thanks to this blood safety formula in Federal Republic of Nigeria that excludes solely viral hepatitis surface Antigenaemia (HBsAg) positive people from blood donation, this study was so designed to analyze HBV markers of infection in a very rural population in southeastern Federal Republic of Nigeria.

Study Design: it’s a cross sectional community-based study.

Place and length of the Study: This study was distributed in Awuda village in Nnobi city of southeastern Federal Republic of Nigeria in August 2013.

Methodology: a complete of ninety two willing participants were registered for the study. The participants were screened for HBsAg, HBeAg, Anti-HBc Ig, Anti-HBc, Anti-HBe and Anti-HBs victimisation ELISA technique and classified into completely different serologic profiles indicative of infection stages. [5]

Reference

[1] Lee, W.M., 1997. Hepatitis B virus infection. New England journal of medicine, 337(24), (Web Link)

[2] Chisari, F.V. and Ferrari, C., 1995. Hepatitis B virus immunopathogenesis. Annual review of immunology, 13(1), (Web Link)

[3] Liaw, Y.F. and Chu, C.M., 2009. Hepatitis B virus infection. The lancet, 373(9663), (Web Link)

[4] Therapeutic strategies for hepatitis B virus infection: towards a cure
Gregory C. Fanning, Fabien Zoulim, Jinlin Hou & Antonio Bertoletti
Nature Reviews Drug Discovery volume 18, (Web Link)

[5] Bakarey, A. S., Ifeorah, I. M., Faleye, T. O. C., Adewumi, M. O., Akere, A., Omoruyi, C. E., Ogunwale, A. O., Olaleye, V. F., Awokunle, R. F., Sekoni, D. E. and Adeniji, J. A. (2017) “Hepatitis B Virus Serological Markers in a Rural Community in Southeastern Nigeria”, Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 21(1), (Web Link)